INDUSTRY METRICS

Industry	Metrics	Revenue Drivers	Cost Drivers
Airlines	Revenue Passenger Miles Available Seat Mile Load Factor On-Time Performance	Passenger Revenue Cargo Revenue  Ancillary Revenue (Seat Upgrades/Baggage Fees/Onboard Sales) Codeshare Loyalty Programs	Fuel Labour Aircraft Maintenance Insurance Airport and Navigation Fees Distribution and Marketing
Automotive	Average Transaction Price	Vehicle Sales Finance and Leasing Sale of Accessories After-Sales Services	Raw Material Labour R&D Logistics and Transportation Energy and Utilities
CPG / FMCG / Retail	Average Order Value Customer Acquisition Cost Customer Lifetime Value	Brand Recognition Product Innovation Distribution Channel Supply Chain Efficiency	Raw Material Packaging Distribution and Logistics R&D Marketing and Advertising
Energy	Return on Invested Capital Reserves Replacement Ratio Installed Capacity Levelized Cost of Energy	Energy Production Energy Distribution Energy Services (Smart Grid Technology / Energy Management System)	CAPEX Operating Cost Technology Development Government Regulation
Entertainment and Media	Average Revenue Per User Churn Rate	Advertising Subscription Fees In-App Purchases Licensing and Merchandising Live Events	Content Production Marketing and Promotion Distribution and Delivery
Financial Services	Return on Equity (ROE) Net Interest Margin (NIM) Assets Under Management (AUM)	Interest Income Fee-Based Income Investment Banking Revenue (Fee) Trading Revenue	Employee Compensation and Benefits Regulatory Compliance Technology and Infrastructure Marketing and Advertising
Hospitality	Occupancy Rate Average Daily Rate Net Promoter Score	Room Revenue Food and Beverages Revenue Meeting and Event Revenue	Real Estate Cost Labour Cost Food and Beverages or Raw Material Cost
Pharmaceuticals / Healthcare	Clinical Trial Timelines Time-to-Market Pipeline Depth Clinical Trial Success Rate Sales per Rep	Prescription Drugs OTC Drugs Biologics Vaccines	R&D Manufacturing Cost Marketing & Sales Cost Regulatory Compliance Cost
Retail	AOV Conversion Rate Sales per square foot Inventory Turnover	Consumer Spending E-Commerce Sales Store Traffic and Footfall Product Pricing and Margins Inventory Management	COGS Rent and Occupancy Rates Labour and staffing cost Marketing Inventory Carrying Cost
Telecom	Network Uptime Average Speed CAC Churn Rate ARPU	Subscription Revenue Equipment Sales Value-Added Services Enterprise Services Roaming and International Services	Network Infrastructure Spectrum Licenses Marketing and Advertising Regulatory Compliance  Workforce and Labour
PE and M&A	IRR	Macroeconomic Growth	Cost of Borrowing
Public Sector	Impact on GDP Social Good
Shipping Logistics	Average Service Time Damage Claims Fuel Consumption Rate Cost per mile	Trade and Ecommerce Infiltration of EVs Supply Chain Optimization Capacity Utilization	Fuel Cost Labour Cost Docking Cost (Location Dependent) Insurance Lease Costs
SAAS	CAC:LTV Ratio Lead-to-customer Rate Customer Churn Revenue Churn Customer Health Score	Subscription Revenue After-Sale Services	Cloud / Infrastructure Cost Labour Cost IP Cost